Introduction
Modern-day Arizona has been shaped by many cultures, inventions and events. Native Americans, Spaniards, Mexicans and Europeans are just a few of the cultures that have made their marks and their homes in the Grand Canyon State. Meanwhile, inventions like air conditioning and events like the building of railroads and freeways have made it possible for people to live comfortably in the desert. What all these cultures, inventions and events have in common is a relationship to mining.

While mining brought people of many cultures to Arizona in search of fortunes, it was the minerals mined, like copper, that provided for better living in the region. Without copper there could be no electricity. And without electricity it is doubtful that Arizona's economy would have grown as it did.

Mining also helped shape the spirit and the personality of the region. Arizonans have long been described as "fiercely independent, adventurous and industrious" — all traits typical of early miners who helped settle this area. By understanding those miners, their challenges and their triumphs, one can better understand how Arizona has changed over the years and continues to prosper. That's also why the Arizona Mining Association produced this booklet.

Each year, the Arizona Mining Association, the individual mining companies; and local historians receive dozens of requests for both information and presentations on mining's role in Arizona history. Arizona students, history buffs of all ages, and others with an interest in Arizona's growth and development are eager to learn about the social, environmental and economic impact of one of Arizona's most significant industries.

It is from these presentations, particularly those of Arizona State University Professor James McBride, that the idea for this book arose.

The Arizona Mining Association, along with our member companies, believes that to best understand the modern state of Arizona, you must also understand our past. It is a story of courage, triumph and commitment shaped largely by individual miners and the mining companies for whom they worked.

Obviously, it is impossible to cover every detail of mining history in a brief booklet like this. Hundreds of books have been written on the subject, and Arizona's mining industry continues to make history every day through technological advancements, positive environmental initiatives and more. We have, however, attempted to touch on key developments and steer you to other resources (see references in back). We've also provided a glossary of names and places that can be used as a quick reference.

We trust that this booklet will provide a deeper understanding of this critical Arizona industry, which not only has a rich history, but still generates billions of dollars for our state, provides thousands of jobs and places us in the international business spotlight.

Larry McBiles
Executive Director
Arizona Foundation for Resource Education